Burner for fluid fuel



Feb. 11, 1930. J ANDERSON 1,746,230

BURNER FOR FLUID FUEL Filed June 27, 1928 INVENTOR Patented Feb. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIE BURNER FOR FLUID FUEL Application filed June 27,

While primarily intended for use in cooking stoves, ranges, water-heaters and the like, my improved burner may be advantageously employed wherever liquid or gaseous fuel is to be used for the production of heat.

One characteristic feature of my present invention is the structure of the burner proper comprising a crown having flame ports around its perimeter, and an annular shield which extends up within the crown and within whose central bore the fuel mixture is supplied, an annular chamber being formed between the crown and the shield.

The base of the crown is sealed to prevent the escape of the gaseous fuel mixture.

The gaseous fuel mixture is supplied to the interior of the shield by means of a tubular mixer tube which extends into the bore of the shield, an annular chamber being preferably formed between said member and the shield, and the base of the mixer tube is connected to the fuel tube.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings, the crown and shield 21 are mounted on the mixer tube and the latter is mounted on the fuel tube.

I employ a bent fuel tube whose convolution or convolutions surround the burner crown, thus providing effective and convenient means for preheating the fuel as it travels to the burner, and in the case of liquid fuel, such as for instance gasoline, or other high test liquids of like nature or hydrocarbon gases of dry nature, insuring and completing its gasification.

Other novel features of construction, and also of arrangement of parts will appear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings. wherein l have illustrated the best embodiment of the principles of my inventionlnow known to me,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the burner and its mounting.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged diametric section of the burner and also of the surrounding convolution of the fuel tube.

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the shield and base member.

1928. Serial No. 288,569.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the mixer tube and closure sleeve for the airports.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the closure sleeve.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the fuel tube provided at its outer or inlet end with a coupler 2 by means of which it may be connected to a fuel supply pipe, not shown.

The tube 1 is provided with a coiled portion 8 which is intended to surround the burner proper and the inner or outlet end of the tube is bent first at right angles to the plane of the coil to form the leg 4 and then returned, as at 5, in substantial alinement with the axis of the coil 3.

The coupling 2 is of the reduction type to permit the fuel to expand within the tube 1.

The inner end 5 of the tube 1 has soldered or otherwise secured therein a tubular plug (5 whose protruding outer end is threaded to receive the cap 7 which is provided with an axial jet port.

8 represents an annular shoulder at the end of the tube 1, which may be a circumferential flange on the plug 6 and which acts as a support for the burner proper.

9 represents the mixer tube which is of differential diameter. The lower portion of said tube is of the lesser diameter, forming a neck 10 which fits down over the cap 7and the plug 6 and is supported by the annular shoulder 8.

The upper portion 11 of the tube 9 is provided at its lower or inner end with a circumferential shoulder 12 and spaced above the same by a second circumferential shoulder 18. v

The wall of the tube between the shoulders 12 and 13 is provided with an annularly arranged series of air-ports 14, and 15 represents an annular sleeve rotatably mounted on the tube between said shoulders and supported by the shoulder 12.

The sleeve 15 is provided with ports 16 corresponding to the ports 14 so that by rotating the collar the inlet capacity of the ports 14 may be adjusted to properly regulate the fuel mixture.

The collar is provided with a recess 17 and a set screw 18 extends through said recess and engages a threaded hole in the wall of the tube, thus permitting the collar to be fixed in an adjusted position.

19 represents a casting which is provided with an annular base 20, and a depending annular collar 21 which fits down over the tube 9 and rests upon shoulder 13 and is supported thereby, the upper portion 11 of the tube 9 extending upwardly beyond the base 20.

Rising' from the base is a shield 22 of cylindrical inner shape and frustro-conical outer shape, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The internal diameter of the shield 22 is sufficiently greater than the external diameter of the portion 11 of the tube 9 to provide between the two an annular chamber 23.

Surrounding the shield 22 the base 20 is rovided with an annular trough 24 in which is stepped and fits the lower annular edge of the crown member 25, thus forming a seal for the bottom of the crown member.

The crown member is provided with a closed top and its vertical wall preferably converges upwardl but at a less angle than the outer wall of the shield 22, thus providing between the two elements an annular chamber of upwardl increasing capacity.

The up er e ge of the mixer tube 9 stops short of t e upper end of the shield 22 and the latter stops short of the top wall of the crown.

The side wall of the crown just below its top is rovided with an annular row or rows of ]et ports 26 which are preferably inclined upwardly and outwardly as shown.

The coil 3 of the tube 1 is so disposed to surround said ports substantially as shown in Fig. 3 so as to be heated by the flame jets from the orts 26.

T e tube 1 near its inlet end is provided with a needle valve 27 and having a stem 28 and a handle 29.

30 is a bracket clamped to the barrel of the valve and which may be employed for attaching the burner in the stove, range or other heating mechanism in connection with which it is to be installed.

The fuel mixture rising from the mixer tube is reverberated by the closed top of the crown into the annular chambers between the mixer tube and the shield and between the shield and the side wall of the crown, thus thorou hly mixing the gaseous fuel and the air an also supplying the plurality of ports 26 with a uniform supply.

I thus obtain a complete mixture of the elements of the gaseous fuel and a uniform supply of the same to all the flame ports, and consequently a full utilization of the heating values of the fuel.

The convoluted tube 3 forms a generating chamber wherein the gas is expanded, and the pressure built up by such expansion will limit by back pressure the amount of fuel admitted to such enerating chamber from the fuel pipe. us notwithstanding the degree to which the valve 27 be opened, the flames atthe burner will not be increased by opening the valve when the pressure in the generating chamber is greater than that of the fuel in the supply pipe.

My improved burner is light, compact and inexpensive, containing no parts liable to undue wear or breakage, and easy to repair.

\Vhat I desire to claim is 1. In a burner for fluid fuel, the combination of a mixer tube having its one end connected to the fuel supply, an. arnular shield surrounding the other end of said mixer tube and forming therewith an annular chamber, said shield having a i'rusto-conical outer Sillface and a crown member telescoped over the shield and forming therewith an annular chamber, said cro 11 member having a frustoconical interior surface forming a portion of the surface of a cone having a more acute apical angle than the conical surface of the shield whereby a tight joint is made between the crown and shield at the bottom of the latter, both ends of the crown mei'nber being sealed and the side wall of said crown menu her being provided with flame ports arranged in annular series.

2. In a burner for fluid fuel, the combination of a mixer tube having its one end connected to the fuel supply, an annular shield surrounding said mixer tube and extending beyond the other end of the latter, the tube and shield forming between them an annular chamber open at one end, arid shield having a frusto-eonical outer surface and a crown member telescoped over the shield and forming therewith an annular chamber sealed at one end and communicating at its other end with the first named annular chamber, said crown member having a frusto-conical interior surface forming a portion of the surface of a cone having a more acute apical angle than the conical surface of the shield whereby a tight joint is made between the crown and shield at the bottom of the latter, the side wall of the crown member being provided with flame ports arranged in annular series.

In a burner for fluid fuel, the combination of a mixer tube having one end arranged for connection to the fuel supply, a base plate surrounding and supported by the mixer tube, an annular shield rising from said base plate and surrounding the other end of the mixer tube and forming therewith an annular chamber with one end closed, said shield having a frusto-conica'l outer surface and a crown member telescoping over the free end of the shield and having its open end supported on and closed by the base plate, the side wall of the crown and the shield forming between them an annular chamber con'm'iunicating over the free end of the shield with the first mentioned annular chamber, said crown member having a frusto-conical interior surface forming a portion of thesurface of a cone having a more acute apical angle than the conical surface of the shield whereby a tight joint is made between the crown and shield at the bottom of the latter, and the side wall of the crown member being provided with flame ports arranged in annular series. 4:. In a burner for fluid fuel, the combination of a mixer tube having one end arranged for connection to the fuel supply, an integral casting comprising a circular base plate having an axial opening which fits down over the mixer tube and is supported thereby and a tubular shield surrounding the other end of the mixer tube and forming therewith an annular chamber, said shield having a frustoconical outer surface and a crown member having a closed end and a tubular skirt which surrounds said shield, the crown member be ing supported by the open end of its skirt resting on the circular base plate, the skirt and the shield forming between them an annular chamber and said annular chambers communicating across the free end of said shield, said crown member having a frustoconical interior surface forming a portion of the surface of a cone having a more acute apical angle than the conical surface of the shield whereby a tight joint is made between the crown and shield at the bottom of the latter, and the skirt of said crown member being provided with flame ports arranged in annular series.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa., this 23rd day of June, 1928.

JAMES B. ANDERSON. 

